Cardiothoracic surgeons are among the most highly skilled professionals in medicine. Their responsibilities—ranging from heart transplants to complex thoracic procedures—are critical and life-saving. In 2025, the cardiothoracic surgery salary reflects not only the demand for their expertise but also the years of education, training, and precision required to succeed in the field.
Whether you’re considering a career in cardiothoracic surgery or simply researching healthcare salaries, this guide provides detailed insights into what surgeons in this specialty can expect in terms of compensation in 2025.
💰 Average Cardiothoracic Surgery Salary in 2025
As of 2025, the average salary for a cardiothoracic surgeon in the United States is approximately $580,000 to $850,000 per year, with top earners in high-demand areas or private practice exceeding $1 million annually.
Median salary: ~$700,000/year
Entry-level (0–3 years): ~$400,000–$500,000
Mid-career (4–9 years): ~$600,000–$750,000
Senior surgeons (10+ years): ~$800,000+
🧾 Factors That Influence Salary
Several key factors influence the total compensation of cardiothoracic surgeons:
1. Experience Level
More experienced surgeons command higher salaries due to refined skills, surgical volume, and leadership responsibilities.
2. Geographic Location
States like California, New York, and Texas often offer higher salaries due to the cost of living and hospital demand. Rural areas may offer lucrative packages to attract talent.
3. Practice Setting
Private Practice: Often higher-paying but includes administrative responsibilities.
Academic Hospitals: May offer lower salaries but with research opportunities and teaching roles.
Hospital-employed: Offers a steady income and comprehensive benefits.
4. Subspecialization
Specialists in areas like pediatric cardiothoracic surgery or transplant surgery typically earn more due to higher complexity and risk.
5. Certifications & Education
Board certifications, additional fellowships, and surgical accolades can raise a surgeon’s value and salary potential.
📊 Salary by Job Title & Experience
| Title | Years of Experience | Average Salary (2025) |
|---|---|---|
| Junior Cardiothoracic Surgeon | 0–3 years | $420,000 – $500,000 |
| Staff Surgeon | 4–9 years | $600,000 – $750,000 |
| Senior/Lead Surgeon | 10–20+ years | $800,000 – $1,000,000+ |
| Surgical Director/Chief | Varies | $900,000 – $1.2M+ |
🧠 Education and Certifications That Impact Salary
To become a cardiothoracic surgeon, the journey is long and academically demanding, including:
4 years undergraduate education
4 years medical school
5–7 years residency in general surgery
2–3 years cardiothoracic fellowship
Certifications that can enhance earnings:
American Board of Thoracic Surgery (ABTS) Certification
Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS)
Minimally Invasive Surgery Certification
Robotic Surgery Training
📈 Cardiothoracic Surgery Job Outlook for 2025
The demand for cardiothoracic surgeons remains strong due to:
An aging population needing more cardiac and pulmonary care.
Advancements in surgical techniques requiring specialized skills.
A wave of retirements among older surgeons, creating job openings.
Projected growth: The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) anticipates steady demand through 2030, though competition remains fierce due to the limited number of residency spots and long training timeline.
🎁 Benefits Beyond Salary
In addition to base salary, many cardiothoracic surgeons receive:
Performance bonuses
Signing bonuses (often $50K–$100K)
Student loan repayment assistance
Comprehensive health benefits
Malpractice insurance
Relocation stipends
Paid sabbaticals or CME allowances
🏁 Final Thoughts: Is Cardiothoracic Surgery Worth It in 2025?
Despite the long training period and high-pressure nature of the job, cardiothoracic surgery remains one of the most rewarding (and lucrative) medical careers in 2025. High earning potential, respect in the medical community, and the ability to save lives make this specialty appealing for those with the dedication and stamina to pursue it.
If you’re considering entering this field, prioritize strong academic performance, build surgical experience early, and seek mentorship from experienced cardiothoracic surgeons.